Prosesor Untuk Laptop Dan Notebook (processors For Laptops And Notebooks) – Editors independently select and review products. If you purchase through affiliate links, we may earn commissions, which help us run our tests.
As with desktops, at the heart of every laptop is a central processing unit (CPU), commonly called a processor or chip, which is responsible for almost everything that happens inside. The CPUs you’ll find in today’s laptops are made by AMD, Intel, Apple, and Qualcomm. The options can seem endless and their names Byzantine. But choosing one is easier than you think, once you know some basic CPU rules.
Prosesor Untuk Laptop Dan Notebook (processors For Laptops And Notebooks)
This guide will help you decipher the technical jargon that haunts every laptop spec sheet, from core count to gigahertz and TDP to cache amounts, to help you choose the one that’s right for you. Almost without exception, a laptop’s processor can’t be changed or upgraded later like some desktop computers, so it’s essential to make the right choice from the start. (Also, check out our guide to the best CPUs for desktops.)
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The CPU is responsible for the primary logical operations in the computer. It has a hand in everything: mouse clicks, smoothness of video streaming, response to your commands in games, encoding of your family’s home video and more. It is the most important piece of hardware inside.
Before we get into specific CPU recommendations, let’s understand what sets one chip apart from another by focusing on the core traits that all laptop processors have in common.
Each processor is based on an underlying design called an instruction set architecture. This model determines how the processor understands computer code. Since operating systems and software applications are written to run most efficiently, or sometimes only, on a given architecture, this is probably the most important decision point for your next processor.
Broadly speaking, today’s laptop processors use the ARM or x86 architecture. The latter was created by Intel in 1978 and dominates the PC industry, with Intel and AMD fighting for market share supremacy. ARM-based chips, meanwhile, are produced by hundreds of different companies under license from British firm ARM Limited, owned by Softbank. (For a while, it looked like Nvidia was on track to acquire Softbank’s ARM, but the chipmaker abandoned its efforts.)
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Found in billions of devices, from smartphones to supercomputers, ARM chips were only seen in a few Chromebooks and a few Windows laptops (based on Qualcomm CPUs) until Apple switched from Intel to its own ARM-designed M1 processors in late of 2020, and now. its M2 chips in 2023. Apple’s shift is the main reason ARM chips are seeing wider acceptance as an alternative to x86 for mainstream computing. (See our Apple M2 chip explainer).
Your choice of architecture is predetermined if you’re an Apple user, as all of their laptops now use either an M1 or M2 chip variant. But Microsoft Windows, ChromeOS and many Linux operating systems support ARM and x86. Based on our reviews of the few current Qualcomm-powered Windows systems, such as the Microsoft Surface Pro X tablet and Lenovo ThinkPad X13s Gen 1, x86 remains our recommended architecture for Windows until more applications are written to run natively on ARM .
Applications written for x86 can run on ARM chips using software emulation, but the translation layer slows down performance compared to code written to run on ARM in the first place. Similarly, the occasional ARM CPUs (especially from MediaTek) seen in budget Chromebooks have proven to be much less dynamic than the Intel and AMD processors in mid-range and premium Chromebooks.
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Today’s laptop CPUs are composed, in part, of two or more physical cores. A core is essentially a logical brain. All things being equal, more cores are better than less, although there is a ceiling on how many you can take advantage of in any given situation. A very simplified analogy is the number of cylinders in a car engine.
For basic tasks such as Internet browsing, word processing, social networking, and video streaming, a dual-core processor is the current minimum. (In fact, you can’t buy a single-core laptop today, and it’s hard to even find a dual-core one.) Multitaskers will be much better off with a six-, eight-, or even 10-core CPU, with four cores found in many budget notebooks right now. For gaming, video editing, and other processor-intensive applications, eight cores or more are ideal. These CPUs are usually found in larger laptops as they require additional cooling. (They also tend to be a higher tier of CPUs; more on that tiering in a bit, when we talk about the specifics of Intel and AMD chips.)
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Then there’s the issue of thread count. We are not talking about bedding and sheets here, but about processing threads. A thread is essentially a task, or part of a task, to be performed by the computer. Computers routinely juggle hundreds or thousands of them, even though a processor can only work on so many threads at once. That number is equal to your thread count, which is often (but not always) twice your core.
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In the past, CPU cores could only process one thread at a time, but today’s processors often (but not always) have thread mirroring technology that allows one core to work on two threads at the same time. An eight-core chip with this technology, for example, can manage 16 threads at once. Intel calls this Hyper-Threading; the generic term is simultaneous multithreading (SMT).
At a minimum, look for a processor that can handle four threads. Users working on heavy media creation and conversion tasks will want to be able to handle eight or more. The number of cores exceeds the number of threads; all else being equal, an eight-core CPU without multithreading will generally outperform a four-core processor with it. Of course, in the processor world, all else is rarely equal; this is why there are so many varieties of potato chips. (We’ll get into the new types of cores that Intel has introduced in the last year or so a bit further down; they even create cores from different chip manufacturers
Measured in megahertz (MHz) or more often gigahertz (GHz), the clock speed of a processor is its operating frequency, a control of how many instructions (basic operations) the processor can perform per second. Higher clock speed is generally better, although things get muddled when comparing clock speeds between different brands or even between chips from the same brand. This is because some CPUs are more efficient than others, being able to process as many instructions in a given amount of time despite running at a lower clock speed. Still, clock speed can be telling when comparing chips within a single vendor’s family line.
To further complicate matters, today’s processors often have two advertised clock speeds: a base clock (minimum) and a boost clock (maximum), sometimes referred to as turbo speed since Intel refers to the duality as Turbo Boost technology. When handling light workloads, the CPU runs at its base clock, typically between 1GHz and 2GHz for laptop chips, though sometimes more, depending on the processor’s power rating. (More on that variable in a minute.) With Intel’s latest CPUs, you can have ratings for
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When more speed is needed, the CPU temporarily speeds up, often to around 3.5 GHz to 5 GHz, until the task is done. Processors don’t run at their boost clock all the time because they can overheat. Also, at some times, only one core may be increasing; at other times, it is only a certain subset of cores that are increasing. (These cores may have been pre-ordered to scale up better than others, due to manufacturing quirks.) It all depends on the CPU and workload, and makes comparing 1:1 scaling speeds increasingly apples and oranges at as the years go by.
Some low-end laptop processors lack a boost clock altogether, limiting their performance under pressure. Boost clocks for laptop CPUs are often as high as their desktop counterparts, but typically don’t last as long before dropping due to power or thermal limitations. This concept is called “throttling,” a safety measure built into the processor to keep it running within its rated specifications.
Processor power ratings are good indicators of overall performance. Most laptop processors represent this as a single number, thermal design
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